非遗级别：国家级 Intangible cultural heritage level: National
批准时间：2021年6月10日 Approval date: June 10, 2021
遗产类别：传统美术类 Category: Traditional Art
申报地区：黑龙江省绥化市海伦市 Declaration area: Hailun City, Suihua City, Heilongjiang Province
海伦市位于黑龙江省松嫩平原的东北部，由于黑土潜在肥力很高，是我国最重要的商品粮基地。在秦、汉、唐、辽、金、元、明时期，境内即有少数民族生息、繁衍、劳动。
Hailun City is located in the northeast of Songnen Plain of Heilongjiang Province. Due to the high fertility of the black soil, Hailun is one of the most important commercial grain base in China. Throughout the Qin, Han, Tang, Liao, Jin, Yuan and Ming dynasties, ethnic minorities have been living in this area.
海伦市旅游景点有海伦大峡谷省级森林公园、海伦田园养生示范村–西安村、森林花海观光园等。
The tourist attractions in Hailun City include Hailun Grand Canyon Forest Park, Xi’an Rural Health Village, Forest Flower Park, etc.
海伦剪纸最早可追溯到清朝光绪年间，由于海伦地区开禁，山东、河北等地百姓闯关东①来到海伦，将各地的生产方式和民间艺术带到了海伦，这其中就包括剪纸艺术。这些关内的剪纸艺术与海伦本土的剪纸艺术经过多年的融合与发展，形成了集中原、齐鲁、北大荒与满族剪纸艺术为一体的海伦剪纸。迄今为止，海伦剪纸包含海伦传统民间剪纸、海伦现代剪纸和海伦满族剪纸三大组成部分。
Hailun Paper Cutting can be traced back to the Guangxu Reign of the Qing Dynasty. Since the government lifted the ban on emigration to Hailun, people from Shandong, Hebei and other provinces braved their journey here with their local production methods and folk arts, and paper-cutting was one of them. After years of development, the paper cutting arts from the Central Plain, Shandong Province, the northeast of China, and the Manchu nationality have fully integrated with each other and have developed into the Hailun Paper-cutting Art which includes the traditional style, modern style and Hailun-Manchu style.
海伦传统民间剪纸以传统的吉祥如意的图案仿样为主，题材内容一般是以龙凤、花鸟虫鱼、飞禽走兽为主，也有少量的人物。在方法上，一般以剪为主，从不需起稿，即使剪制十分复杂的场景性作品也只是以指甲做一番简单的经营后即信手拈来剪随心走。从形式上，一般采用对称式的对花、团花为主，体现出平衡、团圆、圆满的朴素审美观念，少量的场景性作品采用非对称形式构图。海伦传统民间剪纸是以家庭妇女为创作主体的, 其作品体现的是普通人民群众最朴素的最根本的幸福如意的美好愿望和思想。In content, Hailun traditional folk paper cutting is characterized by traditional auspicious patterns of animals and plants such as dragons and phoenixes, and sometimes legendary figures. In terms of craft, paper cut production is generally based on cutting, and no draft is required. Instead of drawing the design for reference, the craftsman just folds the paper with fingernails and by simply following their minds, they cut the lifeless paper into vivid and complex patterns. As for the form, paper-cutting generally adopts symmetrical pairs of flowers and group flowers, reflecting the simple aesthetic concept of balance, reunion and satisfactory. A small number of scenes are composed in asymmetrical forms.
Hailun traditional folk paper cut is mainly created by housewives, it embodies ordinary people’s most simple and fundamental good wishes of happiness.
目前，海伦市拥有一批致力于研究海伦剪纸艺术，传承剪纸制作工艺的专业队伍和业余工作者。他们在地方政府、国内知名专家和学者的大力支持下，从抢救、整理和发掘这一非物质文化遗产做起，对海伦剪纸的历史沿革、形成与发展脉络、代表性艺人、代表性作品、艺术成就与艺术风格等进行了全方位的、深入细致的研究，出版了一批颇具价值的书籍和文献资料，为黑龙江省民间艺术事业的发展和繁荣做出了杰出贡献。At present, Hailun City has a group of professionals and amateurs who are committed to studying, inheriting and imparting the art. They start from the rescue, sorting and exploring of this intangible cultural heritage, conducting an all-round and in-depth research on the historical origin, formation and development, representative artists, representative works, artistic achievements and artistic styles of Hailun paper cutting with the strong support of local government, well-known domestic experts and scholars. They have published a number of valuable books and documents and made outstanding contributions to the development and prosperity of folk arts in Heilongjiang Province.
海伦剪纸是北方地域文化与中原文化融合的产物。在黑龙江省已经公布的非物质文化遗产名录中，海伦剪纸就是其中代表性强并亟待保护的物种之一。它不仅是海伦市的象征，也是黑龙江省非物质文化对外展示的重要名片。Hailun papercutting is the product of the integration of northeastern culture and Central Plains culture. In the list of intangible cultural heritage that has been published in Heilongjiang Province, Hailun paper cutting is one of the arts that are highly representative and needs to be protected urgently. Hailun paper cutting is not only a symbol of Hailun City, but also an important postcard for the external display of the intangible culture in Heilongjiang Province.
注释①：清代至民国，闯关东移民大批进入东北，致使东北地区的信仰和习俗，尤其是岁时民俗发生了深刻的变化。Note①: Large quantities of immigrants braved the journey to the Northeast from Qing Dynasty to the period of the Republic of China, which resulted in great changes in life, beliefs, customs, especially the New Year’s customs.
